Media & Disability Bibliography Project

(1930 to present)

Image description: Page from Entertainment Weekly magazine in 2011 headlined. "Want Oscar Love? Triumph over something!" Shots of actors Daniel Day-Lewis in "My Left Foot," Geoffrey Rush in "Shine," Tom Hanks in "Forrest Gump," John Hurt in "The Elephant Man," Robert Duvall in "Tender Mercies," Marlee Matlin in "Children of a Lesser God," Sissy Spacek in "Coal Miner's Daughter," Ben Kingsley in "Gandi," Jessica Tandy in  "Driving Miss Daisy," Al Pacino in "Scent of a Woman", and Dustin Hoffman in "Rain Man."

Criteria for inclusion on the list:

* Articles should have some connection to both media issues and legally defined disabilities. (Some attitude and history studies are included as well.)

* Articles may be from academic journals, books, government reports, language and reporting guides, and full academic paper presentations.

* Self promotion encouraged. Please tell us what you have published or presented in this area. Book chapters will be listed as separate entries unless the entire book is about disability and media issues.

* The goal is a comprehensive listing. The project will not assess the validity or reliability of the research articles included; that will be for individual researchers to decide. 

* Send the citations in APA style, via email if at all possible.

* Send citations to Beth Haller at mailto:bhaller@towson.edu 

Last updated: 8-13-18
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Other disability bibliographies available online:

UC-Berkeley: Physical and mental disability in the movies and television: http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/MRC/disabilitymovies.html

Disability rhetoric: http://disabilityrhetoric.com/resources/

Disability Studies: WPA CompPile Bibliography (Wood, Price, Johnson)

Disability and Rhetoric Bibliography (9.25.12) 

DS & Metaphor (Vidali)

Disability and Literacy (Dunn)

Autism and Rhetoric (Yergeau)

Disability and ‘Visibility’ Bibliography (Price)

Bodies and Emotions (Dolmage)

Disability and Phenomenology (Dolmage)

Disability Autobiography and Memoir Bibliography (Kerschbaum)
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A

Ability Magazine. (2010). Terminology Guidelines. http://www.abilitymagazine.com/terminology.html

Adam, A. & Kreps, D. (2009). Disability discourses of web accessibility. Information, Communication & Society. Volume 12, Issue 7, pp. 1041-1058.

Adams, R. (2001). Sideshow U.S.A : freaks and the American cultural imagination. Chicago : University of Chicago Press.  

Adams-Spink. 2007. Virtual World Opens Up To Blind [Online]. Http://News.Bbc.Co.Uk/2/Hi/Technology/6993739.Stm.

Adams-Spink , G. (2004). Web Opens Up For Learning Disabled [Online]. Available: Http://News.Bbc.Co.Uk/2/Hi/Technology/3379547.Stm  

Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly. (2003). Conformity and Conflict: Wheelchair Athletes Discuss Sport Media. Vol. 20 Issue 3, p246. 

Adebayo, A. S. & Akinola, A. (Editors). (2012). Disability reporting manual. A guide toward inclusive and disability-friendly journalism and media advocacy. Lagos, Nigeria: Lagos Civil Society Disability Policy Partnership & Nigeria Union of Journalist.

Adelman, R. (2005). 'When I Move, You Move': Thoughts on the Fusion of Hip-Hop and Disability Activism. Disability Studies Quarterly, Vol. 25, No. 1. http://www.dsq-sds.org.

Advocado Press. (2001). To Ride the Public's Buses: The Fight that Built a Movement. Louisville, Ky: Advocado Press.

Advocado Press. (1991). Becoming Media Savvy. Louisville, Ky: Advocado Press.

Aguado, A. L., & Alcedo, M. A. (1991). Tratamiento de la discapacidad en la prensa Asturiana. [Disability treatment in the press of Asturias] Psicothema (Universidad de Oviedo), 3(1), 175-198.

Aguilera, R. (2000). Disability and delight: Staring back at the devotee community. Sexuality and Disability, 18(4), 255-61.

Albrecht, G. L., Seelman, K. D, & Bury, M. (eds.) (2001). Handbook of Disability Studies. Sage publishers.

Albrecht, G. L. (1999). Disability humor: What's in a joke? Body & Society, Vol. 5, No. 4, pp. 67-74.

Alsop, R. (1987). Disabled people are winning more roles in television ads. Wall Street Journal, December 3, 1.

Altman, B. M. (1994). Thoughts on visibility, hierarchies, politics & legitimacy. Disability studies quarterly, 14:2, 48-51.

Altman, B. M. (1981). Studies of attitudes toward the handicapped: The need for new direction. Social Problems, 28(3), 321-337.

Alvarado, M. C., Andrés del Campo, S., & González, R. (2007). Discapacidad: Estigma y concienciación. Análisis de la representación de las personas con discapacidad en la comunicación publicitaria. [Disability: stigma and awareness. Analysis of the representation of persons with disability in advertising communication] Comunicación y Discapacidades: Actas do Foro Internacional, 27-48.

Álvarez, A. (2003). La función social de la publicidad de la ONCE. [The social function of the National Organization of Spanish Blind (ONCE) advertising] Madrid: Escuela Libre Editorial.

Álvarez, A. (2008). Persuadir para integrar. El papel de la publicidad en la integración social de las personas con discapacidad [The role of advertising in the social integration of people with disabilities]. In J. A. Ledesma (Ed.), La imagen social de las personas con discapacidad. Estudios en homenaje a José Julián Barriga Bravo (pp. 89-117). Madrid: Ediciones Cinca.

American Society of Newspaper Editors. (1990). Reporting on People with Disabilities. Washington, D.C.: ASNE.

Anesi, J. (2012, June). Disability and Samoan Newspaper Media. Paper presented at the Society for Disability Studies conference, Denver.

Antebi, S. (2009). Carnal Inscriptions: Spanish American Narratives of Corporeal Difference and Disability. New York: Palgrave-Macmillan.

Antebi, S. (2005). Caliban and Coney Island: Spanish American Narratives of Corporeal Difference and Performance. Disability Studies Quarterly, 25:4.

Antonak, R. F. (1988). Methods to measure attitudes toward people who are disabled. In H. E. Yuker (Ed.) Attitudes toward Persons with Disabilities. New York: Springer. pg. 109-126.

Antonak, R. F. (1985). Societal factors in disablement. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin 28: 188-201.

Antonak, R. F. and Linveh, H. (1988). The Measurement of Attitudes toward People with Disabilities. Springfield, Ill.: Charles C. Thomas.

Arndt, K., White, J.M. & Chervenak, A. (2010). "Gotta Go Now": Rethinking the Use of the Mighty and Simon Birch. Disability Studies Quarterly, Vol. 30, No. 1.

Arnett, R.C. (1993). Ethical congruence: classroom accessibility. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication, Kansas City, Mo.

Arnoff, F.N. & Mehl, M. (1963). Body image deterioration in paraplegia. Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases, 137, 88-92.

Arnold, K. (1999). Cancer strikes the comic pages. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 91(6: March 17):499-500.

Arnold, R. (1986). An Examination of the Des Moines Register's Coverage of Issues Affecting Persons with Physical Disabilities. Unpublished master's thesis, Iowa State University.

Askew, E. (2011). (Re)Creating a World in Seven Days: Place, Disability and Salvation in Extreme Makeover: Home Edition. Disability Studies Quarterly, Vol. 31, No. 2.

Atkinson, P. (1996). Disability on air : the contribution of Flying Start Pictures. NZ Journal of Disability Studies, no3, pp. 98-108.

Auslander, G. & Gold, N. (1999). Media reports on disability: a binational comparison of types and causes of disability as reported in major newspapers. Disability & Rehabilitation, Vol. 21 Issue 9.

Auslander, G. & Gold, N. (1999). Disability terminology in the media: A comparison of newspaper reports in Canada and Israel. Social Science & Medicine, Vol. 48 Issue 10.

Australian Journal of Communication. (2003). Special issue on communication issues for people with disabilities. G. Goggin and C. Newell (Eds.).

Avon. A. (2006). Watching films, learning language, experiencing culture: An account of Deaf culture through history and popular film. Journal of Popular Culture. Vol. 39. No2.

B

Baker, D. L. (2011). The Politics of Neurodiversity: Why Public Policy Matters. Boulder, Colo.: Lynne Reinner Publishers.

Baldwin, S. C. (1993). Pictures in the Air: The Story of the National Theatre of the Deaf.
Washington, D.C.: Gaulladet University Press.

Barker, R.G.; Wright, B.; Meyerson, L.; & Gonick, M.R. (1953). Adjustment to physical handicap and illness: A survey of the social psychology of physique and disability (Revised Edition). New York: Social Science Research Council.

Barnartt, S. & Scotch, R. K.. (2001). Disability Protests: Contentious Politics, 1970-1999. DC: Gallaudet University Press.

Barnes, C. (2003, May). Effecting Change; Disability, Culture and Art? Finding the Spotlight Conference, Liverpool Institute for the Performing Arts.

Barnes, C. (1997). A Legacy of Oppression: A History of Disability in Western Culture. Disability Studies: Past Present and Future. Eds. Len Barton and Mike Oliver. Leeds, UK: The Disability Press, 3–24.

Barnes, C. (1992). Disabling Imagery and the Media, BCODP Derby and Ryburn Publishing, Halifax.

Barnes, C. (1991, Winter). Discrimination : disabled people and the media. Contact, pp. 15-16.

Barnes, C. & Mercer, G. (2003). Chapter 5: Culture, Media and Representation. Disability. Malden, MA: Polity Press.

Barnes, C., Mercer, G. & Shakespeare, T. (1999). Exploring Disability: A Sociological Introduction. Malden: Polity Press.

Barnett, J., & Hammond, S. (1999). Representing disability in charity promotions. Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology, 9, 309-314.

Bartholomy, J. P. (2012, June). The importance of disability humor in the United States and how disabled comedians have changed the way we think about disability and comedy from 1978 to 2006. Paper presented at the Society for Disability Studies conference, Denver.

Bartmann, S. (2002). Der behinderte Mensch im Spielfilm [The Disabled Person in Films]. Münster: LIT.

Barton, L.; Ballard, K.; & Fulcher, G. (1992). Disability and the necessity for a socio-political perspective. Durham, NH: IEEIR, Monograph 51.

Bas, D. (1988). Media and disability. Paper from 16th World Congress of Rehabilitation International, Tokyo.

Basore, P. (1988, November). Barriers to education. Washington, D.C., The News Media and Disability, pp. 8.

Baum, R. B. (1998). Humor and Disability, The Bridge, 8(4), 3-5.

Beatson, P. (1996). The future of disability television: an open letter to NZ On Air. NZ Journal of Disability Studies, no3, pp. 86-97.

Becker, H.S. (1963). Outsiders: Studies in the Sociology of Deviance. New York: Free Press of Glencoe.

Bee, M (2000) Autism on Film. http://autistic-people.com/autism-movies.html.

Beitiks, E. S. (2012). The Ghosts of Institutionalization at Pennhurst's Haunted Asylum. Hastings Center Report. Vol. 42. Issue 1.

Bell, C. M. (2011). Blackness and Disability: Critical Examinations and Cultural Interventions. East Lansing, Mich.: Michigan State University Press.

Bell, C. M. (2006).“White Disability Studies, A Modest Proposal.” The Disability Studies Reader. London: Routledge.

Bellin, J. D. (2005). Monstrous Minds: Fantasy film and mental illness in Framing monsters: Fantasy film and social alienation. Carbondale, Ill.: SIU Press.

Benavides, J. (2005). Medios y discapacidad. La presencia de la discapacidad en los medios de comunicación [The presence of disability in media]. Telos: Cuadernos de comunicación, tecnología y sociedad, 62, 89-95.

Benavraham, T. (1985). Public opinion and the media: How do persons with communication difficulties and handicaps make an opinion from the media to vote. Unpublished political science paper, Brooklyn College, NY.

Bendix, T. (2012). An interview with Tiphany Adams of 'Push Girls.' AfterEllen.com.  http://www.afterellen.com/TV/an-interview-with-tiphany-adams.

Bennett, R. & Kottasz, R. (2001, February). Promotional strategies for disability charities employment services. International Journal of Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Marketing. Vol. 6, No. 1. pp. 21-32.

Benson-Garcia, L. (2001, August). Disability as Diversity in Public Relations Textbooks. Paper presented to the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication annual meeting, Washington, D.C.

Benson-Garcia, L. (2000, August). The Disabled and Promoting Census 2000: A Key Target or Lost in the Crowd? Paper presented to the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication annual meeting, Phoenix.

Berger, R. (2008). Disability and the Dedicated Wheelchair Athlete. Journal of Contemporary Ethnography. Vol. 37 Issue 6, pp. 647-678.

Bernt, J.P. and Greenwald, M.S. (1993). Coverage of gays, lesbians, bisexuals and the HIV/AIDS: A content analysis of seventeen metropolitan daily newspapers. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication, Kansas City, Mo.

Berrington, E. & Honkatukia, P. (2002). An Evil Monster and a Poor Thing: Female Violence in the Media. Journal of Scandinavian Studies in Criminology & Crime Prevention, Vol. 3 Issue 1, p50.

Berube, M. (1997, May 30). The cultural representation of people with disabilities affects us all. Chronicle of Higher Education, Vol. 43 Issue 38, p. B4.

“Beyond Afflication: The Disability History Project.” (1998, May). http://www.npr.org/programs/disability%20

Bhargava, M. (1988) Communication Media and Information Technology in Aid of Visually Handicapped. Psycho-Lingua, 18(1): 11-21.

Biddle, RiShawn. (1998). Wheelchair humor [John Callahan]. Icon Thoughtstyle Magazine (December): 44-45.

Biklen, D. (1987). The culture of policy: Disability images and their analogues in public policy. Social Problems, 15(3), 515-535.


Biklen, D., & Bogdan, R. (1977). Media portrayals of disabled people: A study in stereotypes. Interracial Books for Children Bulletin, 8(6-7), 4-9. 

Biklen, D. & Bailey, L. (eds.) (1981). Rudely Stamp'd, Imaginal disability and prejudice. Washington, D.C.: University Press of America.

Bintig, A. (1984). Behinderte in Publikumszeitschriften [The Disabled in Magazines]. Bielefeld. (Unpublished habilitation treatise).

Birge, S. (2010). No Life Lessons Here: Comics, Autism, and Empathetic Scholarship. Disability Studies Quarterly, Vol. 30, No. 1.


Black, R. S., & Pretes, L. (2007). Victims and victors: Representation of physical disability on the silver screen. Research and Practice for Persons with Severe Disabilities, 32(1), 66-83. 

Blanco, J. (1995-1996). La discapacidad a través de la publicidad [Disability through advertising]. Tabanque: Revista Pedagógica, 10-11, 201-212.

Blatt, J. (1977). Small changes and real difference. In M. Harmonay (Ed.), Promise and Performance: Children with Special Needs (pp. 11-22). Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.

Bogdan, R. (1988). Freak show. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.

Bogdan, R., Biklen, D., Shapiro, A. and Spelkoman, D. (1982). The disabled: Media's monster. Social Policy, 13, 32-35.

Bogdan, R. & Biklen, D. (1977). Handicapism. Social Policy, 7, 14-19.

Bogdan, R. & Taylor, S.J.. (1989). The social construction of humanness. Social Problems, 36(2), 135-148.

Boggs, R. (1999). Performers with Disabilities. Where Are the Disabled Characters? Who Portrays Them? http://www.rickboggs.com/disability/pwd.html.%20

Bombaci, N. (2006). Freaks in late modernist American culture: Nathanael West, Djuna Barnes, Tod Browning, and Carson McCullers. New York : Peter Lang.

Bond, B.J. (2008, Nov.). The Invisible Minority: Portrayals of Physical Disability on Children's Television Programming. Paper presented the National Communication Association annual meeting, San Diego.

Bonnstetter, C.M. (1986). Magazine coverage of the mentally handicapped. Journalism Quarterly, 623-626.

Booher, A. K. (2011). Defining Pistorius. Disability Studies Quarterly, Vol. 31, No. 3.

Borchert, M. H. (2000, November). Many Faces of the Deaf: Shifting Understandings of Communication Technologies and Techniques. Paper presented the National Communication Association annual meeting, Seattle.

Borchert, M. H. (1998, August). The origins of closed captioning: The National Bureau of Standards and television for the deaf. Paper presented to the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication annual meeting, Baltimore.

Borchert, M. H. (1997, August). The Americans with Disabilities Act: Defining Deaf People and Their Rights. Paper presented to the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication annual meeting, Chicago.

Borchert, M. H. (1996, August). The Time was Ripe: The Great Society Era and Development of Closed Captioned Television. Paper presented to the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication annual meeting. Anaheim, Calif.

Borjal, A. A. (1988). The role of media in disability prevention, rehabilitation and equalisation of opportunities for disabled persons (Philippine experience). Paper from 16th World Congress of Rehabilitation International, Tokyo.

Bosse, I. (2006). Behinderung im Fernsehen [Disability in Television]. Wiesbaden: Deutscher Universitäts-Verlag.

Bosse, I. (2007). Heimliche Stars oder Kometen aus einem fremden Universum [Secret Stars or Comets from a Foreign Universe]. In: merz 4, S. 56-61.

Bosse, I. (2007). Menschen mit Behinderung im Fernsehen [People with Disabilities in Television]. In: Geistige Behinderung 1, S. 52-62.

Bowe, F. (1986). Changing the rules. Silver Spring, Md.: TJ Publishers.

Bowe, F. (1978). Handicapping America. New York: Harper & Row.

Bower, E. M. (Ed.). (1980). The handicapped in literature: a psychosocial perspective. Denver: Love.

Bowker, N. & Tuffin, K. (2002). Disability Discourses for Online Identities. Disability & Society, 17:3, 327-344

Boyce, T. (2006). Journalism and expertise. Journalism Studies, Vol. 7, No. 6. pp. 889-906.

Boyer, J. P. (1988). No news is bad news: First report of the standing committee on the status of disabled persons. --. [Ottawa: The Committee].

Boyle, E., Millington, B. & Vertinsky, P. (2006, June). Representing the female pugilist: Narratives of race, gender, and disability in Million Dollar Baby. Sociology of Sport Journal, Vol. 23, No. 2, pp. 99-116.

Brain, R. (1979). The decorated body. New York: Harper & Row.

Braithwaite, D. & Thompson, T. (eds). (2000). Communication and People with Disabilities. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum

Braithwaite, D. O. & Labrecque, D. (1993). Responding to the Americans with Disabilities Act: Social and communicative implications of physical disability. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Speech Communication Association, Miami, Fla.

Bramlett-Solomon, S. (1989). Bringing Cultural Sensitivity into Reporting Classrooms. Journalism Educator, 44(2), 26-28.

Briant, E., Watson, N., & Philo, G. (2013). Reporting disability in the age of austerity: the changing face of media representation of disability and disabled people in the Untied Kingdom and the creation of new 'folk devils.' Disability & Society, 28(6): 874-889.

British Film Institute. (2004). Disability Imagery: A teaching guide to disability and moving image media. http://www.bfi.org.uk/education/resources/teaching/disability/.%20

British Government. (2003). Images of disability annual report. London: Department for Work and Pensions. http://www.disability.gov.uk/images_of_disability/report2003/.%20

Brittain, I. (2004). Perceptions of Disability and their Impact upon Involvement in Sport for People with Disabilities at all Levels. Journal of Sport and Social Issues. Vol, 28, No. 4.

Brown, I. (1994). Perception of humor in cartoon riddles by adults with intellectual disability. Perceptual and Motor Skills 78(3/PT1):817.

Brown, S. A. (2006). Scripting Wholeness in Lucy Grealy's Autobiography of a Face. Criticism. Vol. 48: 3. http://muse.jhu.edu/login?auth=0&type=summary&url=/journals/criticism/v048/48.3brown.html

Burd, G. (1999, August). Disability visibility: Cartoon depictions of Bob Dole. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Association for Education in Journalism, New Orleans.

Burd, G. (1977). Aged and handicapped seek human quality and public service in the media: Mass communications patterns of the new minorities. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Association for Education in Journalism, Madison, Wis.

Burns, S. (2012, June). The disability image-makers in Australian news media. Paper presented at the Society for Disability Studies conference, Denver. 

Burns, S. G. (2011). An exploration of the adherence of journalists in Australia to established media guidelines on the depiction of people with disability, Master of Arts - Research thesis, University of Wollongong, Australia. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/3406.

Burns, S. (2011, August 5). An exploration of the adherence of journalists in Australia to established media guidelines on the depiction of people with disability. JEA presentation. http://prezi.com/90pwkxzyfw2c/jea-2010-presentation/.

Burns, S. (2010). Words Matter: Journalists, Educators, Media Guidelines and
Representation of Disability. Asia Pacific Media Educator, 20, 277-284.

Bury, M.R. (1979). Disablement in society. International Journal of Rehabilitation, 2:1, pp. 34-4

Buschmann, G. (2003). Das Menschenbild (in) der Werbung [The Idea of Man in Advertising]. In: merz 4, S. 48-57.

Butler, R. (1997). Rehabilitating the Images of Disabled Youths. In Skelton, T. & Valentine, G. (eds.) Cool Places: Geographies of Youth Cultures. Florence, KY, USA: Routledge, 84-101.

Buysse, J.M. (2010). Framing gender and disability: A cross cultural analysis of Photographs from the 2008 Paralympic Games. International Journal of Sport Communication, 3, 308-321.

Byrd, E.K. (1990). A study of biblical depiction of disability. Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling, 21:4, 52-53.

Byrd, E.K. (1989). A study of film depiction of specific characteristics of characters with disability in film. Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling, 20:2, 13-15.

Byrd, E.K. (1988). Theory regarding attitudes and how they may relate to media portrayals of disability. Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling, 20:4, 36-38.

Byrd, E.K. (1979). Magazine articles and disability. American Rehabilitation, 4:4, 18-20.

Byrd, E.K. & Elliot, T.R. (1985). Feature films and disability: A descriptive study. Rehabilitation Psychology, 30(1), 47-51.

Byrd, E.K. & Pipes, R.B. (1981). Feature films and disability. Journal of Rehabilitation, January/February/March, 51-53, 80.

Byrne, P. (2001). The butler(s) DID it - dissociative identity disorder in cinema. Journal of Medical Ethics 27 (1): 26-29.

Byrnes, J. (1990, September 14). Fighting myths starts with awareness, USA Today, p.13A.

C

Caldwell, D. (September/October 2003), Media representations of Canadians with disabilities. Disability World, 20. http://www.disabilityworld.org/09-10_03/arts/canadians.shtml

Callahan, J. (1998). Will the Real John Callahan Please Stand Up? William Morrow & Co. publishers.

Callahan, J. (1989). Don't Worry, He Won't Get Far On Foot: The Autobiography of a Dangerous Man. Vintage Books.

Cameron, K. (2011). Media Review: Where's Molly? Journal on Developmental Disabilities, 17(2), 83-86.

Campbell, C. and Hoem, S. (2001). Prime Time's Disabled Images. Television Quarterly 32.1.

Campbell, F. K. (2011). Born this Way? Lady Gaga's Crip Performance of the Wheelchair. [op-ed]. Griffith Law School website. http://www.griffith.edu.au/criminology-law/griffith-law-school/news-events/news/lady-gaga-crip-performance-wheelchair/.

Campbell, F. K. (2009). Contours of Ableism. The Production of Disability and Abledness. Palgrave Macmillan.

Campbell, F. K. (2004). The Case of Clint Hallam's Wayward Hand: Print media Representations of the 'Unco-operative' Patient. 9(3) Continuum: Journal of Media and Cultural Studies, 447-462.

Canadian Association of Broadcasters. (2005). The presence, portrayal and participation of persons with disabilities in television programming: Final report. Canadian Association of Broadcasters.

Canadian Association of Broadcasters, & RTNDA (Association of Electronic Journalists). (2005). Recommended guidelines on language and terminology -- persons with disabilities: A manual for news professionals.

Canadian Radio-Television and Telecommunication Commission (CRTC). Broadcasting public notice CRTC 2006-77, commission's response to the Canadian association of broadcasters' final report on the presence, portrayal and participation of persons with disabilities in television programming. No. 77. CRTC.

Cantalamessa, E. A. (2012, June). Disability imagery and themes in Alejandro Jorodowsky’s Films El Topo and Fando Y Lis. Paper presented at the Society for Disability Studies conference, Denver.

Carey, A.C., Friedman, M.G., Bryen, D.N. & Taylor, S.J. (2005). Use of electronic technologies by people with intellectual disabilities. Mental Retardation, 43, 322-333.

Carmichael, A., Rice, M., Sloan, D., & Gregor, P. (2006). Digital Switchover or digital divide: a prognosis for useable and accessible interactive digital television in the UK. Universal Access in the Information Society(4), 400-416.

Carson, D. (1995, Winter/Spring). Hollywood's handicap. Kaleidoscope 30 pp. 15-18.

Carter, N. & Williams, J. (2009). ‘A genuinely emotional week’: learning disability, sport and television – notes on the Special Olympics GB National Summer Games. Media, Culture & Society. Vol. 34, No. 2. 

Carver, V. and Rodda, M. (1978). Disability and the Environment. New York: Schocken Books.

Cavanaugh, R., Krstic, L. & Steele, N. (2005). The Presence, Portrayal and
Participation of Persons with Disabilities on Television Programming: A Research Report Presented to the Canadian Association of Broadcasters [Online]. Canada:
Connectus. http://www.cab-acr.ca/english/research/05/sub_sep1605_research.htm

Charlton, J. I. (2000). Nothing About Us Without Us: Disability Oppression and Empowerment. University of California Press.

Chemers, M. (2002). Le Freak, C'est Chic: The Erotocizing Stare and the Changing Face of Disability in Performance. Paper presented at the Society for Disability Studies conference, Oakland, Calif.

Cheu, J. (ed.) (2013). Diversity in Disney Films: Critical Essays on Race, Ethnicity,
Gender, Sexuality and Disability. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co.

Cheung, F. M. (1990) People Against the Mentally Ill: Community Opposition to Residential Treatment Facilities. Community Mental Health Journal, 26(2): 205-12.

Cherney, J. (2011). The rhetoric of ableism. Disability Studies Quarterly. Vol. 31. No. 3.

Cherney, J. (2000, November). Cure Commodified: Ableism, Messianic Medicine, and Nuveen's Christopher Reeve Commercial. Paper presented to the National Communication Association, Seattle.

Cherney, J. (2000, November). Eroticizing Disability: The Collision of Sex and Cyborgs in Cronenberg's 'Crash.' Paper presented to the National Communication Association, Seattle.

Chivers, S. (2011). The Silvering Screen: Old Age and Disability in Cinema. Toronto,
University of Toronto Press.

Chivers, S. & Markotic, N. (2010). The Problem Body: Projecting Disability on Film. Ohio State University Press.

Chivers, S. (2002). The Intersection of Age and Disability on Film: Robert Aldrich's Whatever Happened to Baby Jane? Paper presented at the Society for Disability Studies conference, Oakland, Calif.

Christiansen, J. B. & Barnartt, S. N. (1995). Deaf President Now!: The 1988 Revolution at Gallaudet University. DC: Gallaudet University Press.

Church, D. (2007, June). Speculations on the Fantastic Film and Disability Representation. Paper presented at the Society for Disability Studies annual meeting, Seattle.

Cinco Puntos Press. (2011). Beauty is a verb. The new poetry of disability.

Church, D. (2005). Examining the Role of Disability in Herzog's Even Dwarves Started Small. Disability Studies Quarterly, Vol. 25, No. 4.

Clare, E. (2009, June). Reflections on Intersectionality and the “The R-Word Campaign.” Paper presented at the Society for Disability Studies annual meeting, Tucson, Ariz.

Clark, J. (2002, February 22). A leg to stand on. http://www.joeclark.org/caseypieretti.html.%20

Clarke, J. N. (1992) Cancer, Heart Disease, and AIDS: What Do the Media Tell Us About these Diseases? Health Communication, 4(2): 105-120.

Clogston, J. S. (1994). Satisfaction with Assistive Technology and Media Use by Deaf Residents of Northern Illinois. Paper presented to the Association of Education in Journalism and Mass Communication. Atlanta, Ga.

Clogston, J. S. (1993). Changes in coverage patterns of disability issues in three major American newspapers, 1976-1991. Paper presented to the Association of Education in Journalism and Mass Communication. Kansas City, Mo.

Clogston, J. S. (1993). Media use by deaf residents in northern Illinois. Paper presented to the Society for Disability Studies annual meeting. Seattle, Wash.

Clogston, J. S. (1992). Coverage of persons with disabilities in prestige and high circulation dailies. Paper presented to the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication. Montreal, Canada.

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